Global Artificial Intelligence Competitiveness Index
The Project is developed
with technological support of
Deep Knowledge Group
Global AI Competitiveness Index Part 4: Analyzing AI Competitiveness from the Policy, Governance and Regulation Perspective analyzes the policy and regulatory stances, achievements, and outlooks of roughly 25 key territories setting the standard for AI governance globally, revealing stark disparities in institutional capacity, policy effectiveness, and regulatory maturity as nations race to govern AI technologies that are reshaping global economic and security landscapes.
About Part 4
Part 4 of the Index produced by the Global AI Competitiveness Index Consortium, and its findings are informed by an astute board of AI Committee Members comprised of renowned AI industry experts selected for their excellence and diversity in domain-specific knowledge and international breadth, including Dame Jennifer Mary Shipley DNZM PC, Rudolf Scharping, Rudolf Mellinghoff, Volker Römermann, Christoph Schommer and Xin Zhou, with Deep Knowledge Group serving as Host and primary analytics provider, and Financial Services Development Council sitting as an official Observer organization.
This new volume represents the most comprehensive mapping yet of the institutional, legislative, and financial mechanisms behind artificial-intelligence governance worldwide. Building upon the previous three editions, which examined enterprise activity, scientific output, and human-capital development, Part 4 moves decisively from innovation to enforcement: from “who builds” to “who governs, funds, and enforces.”
Part 4 concludes with recommendations for governments and regulators: treat AI supervision as critical infrastructure, integrate cross-sectoral coordination units within finance ministries, and formalize knowledge exchange between market regulators, data-protection authorities, and national AI offices. As AI technologies evolve exponentially, the report concludes that "the next decade's winners will be nations that treat AI talent the way earlier eras treated oil or rare-earth metals," while warning that "without sustained investment in technical capacity, diplomatic credibility risks outpacing domestic capability."
Global AI Competitiveness Index Committee Members
Dame Jennifer Mary Shipley DNZM PC
Former Prime Minister of New Zealand and Global Leadership Figure
.jpg)
Dame Jenny Shipley served as the 36th Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1997 to 1999, becoming the country’s first female Prime Minister and the first woman to lead the National Party. She held senior cabinet roles in social welfare, health, transport, and women’s affairs, and later built an international profile in business leadership, governance, and global women’s leadership initiatives.
Prof. Dr. h.c. Rudolf Mellinghoff
Former Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany; Former President oft he Federal Fiscal Court of Germany
.png)
Prof. Mellinghoff is an internationally renowned lawyer with an outstanding career at the intersection of law, finance and governance. As a former judge at the Federal Constitutional Court, he ensures that human rights are respected when introducing AI. From his work as President of the Federal Finance Court, he has in-depth knowledge of regulatory structures and financial supervision in the field of AI and innovation policy.
Prof. Christoph
Schommer
Head of AI4Education, University of Luxembourg; Founder, The AI Café
.png)
Prof. Schommer is a computational scientist and educator specializing in AI applications in learning and society. As founder of The AI Café and Head of the AI4Education focus area at the University of Luxembourg, he promotes interdisciplinary collaboration and public dialogue around responsible AI.
Dr. Xin Zhou
AI Index Committee Member and AI Governance Expert
One of the most distinguished journalists in China. Covered war and dangerous regional political crisis stories from North Africa to the middle east and Europe. Working with the world business leaders and top policymakers through World Economic Forum, World Bank, IMF, and different international governments. Skilled in News Writing, documentary making, editing, government relations, and media relations. Strong business development professional with a Master of Laws (LL.M.) and EMBA focused in Law from Soochow University (CN) and Peking University.
Kevin Klowden
Senior Fellow, Milken Institute; Global Consultant on Economic Mobility, Technology & Regional Competitiveness
Kevin Klowden is a senior fellow at the Milken Institute specializing in economic mobility, technology-driven development, and regional competitiveness. He advises governments and institutions on trade, capital access, innovation ecosystems, and the digital transformation of economies, with a focus on strengthening competitiveness through policy and technology-enabled growth.
King Au
Former Executive Director of the Hong Kong Financial Services Development Council
Dr Au King Lun, MH, JP, served as a Former Executive Director of the Hong Kong Financial Services Development Council from 8/2020 - 1/2026. He was named CEO of the Year in Hong Kong by Asia Asset Management in 2012 and 2014. He was also awarded the Medal of Honour in 2008 and appointed a Justice of the Peace in 2025 by the HKSAR Government. Dr Au served as Chairman of the Hong Kong Securities and Investment Institute (2006-2008) and the Hong Kong Investment Funds Association (2004-2005).
Dr. Patrick Glauner
Professor of Artificial Intelligence, Deggendorf Institute of Technology (Germany); Innovation Manager for AI at Krones; former Fellow at CERN
.png)
Dr. Glauner is an award-winning academic and industry expert specializing in artificial intelligence, policy, and innovation governance. He previously served as Innovation Manager for AI at Krones Group and has advised the European Parliament and national ministries on technology regulation and competitiveness. He is also a former Fellow at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN).
Dmitry Kaminskiy
General Partner, Deep Knowledge Group; Founder, AI Industry Analytics
Dmitry Kaminskiy is an innovative entrepreneur, investor, author and philanthropist dedicated to impact investment, ethical business, and DeepTech for Social Good. He is Founder and General Partner of Deep Knowledge Group - a consortium of commercial and non-profit organizations active on many fronts in the realm of DeepTech and Frontier Technologies (AI, Longevity, Precision Medicine, FinTech, GovTech, InvestTech), where he leads the group’s investment and finance activities.
Jian Zhou
Co-author, Global AI Competitiveness Index Series
.png)
Jian Zhou has been a co-author on all four editions of the Global Artificial Intelligence Competitiveness Index. His work focuses on large-scale data fusion, national AI benchmarking, and the architecture of policy-intelligence for public and private stakeholders.
Rudolf Scharping
Former Federal Minister of Defence, Germany; Chairman, RSBK AG
.png)
Scharping is a distinguished statesman and business leader. As Germany’s former Minister of Defence and Chairman of RSBK AG, he brings decades of expertise in governance, international affairs, and sustainable economic strategy to the Global AI Competitiveness Index’s advisory framework. His advisory activities cover industries including mobility, engineering, healthcare, energy, environmental protection, finance, artificial intelligence, big data, education and urban development.
Karen Abudinen
Former Minister of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) of Colombia; Director General of the Colombian Family Welfare Institute (ICBF); Secretary of Education of Barranquilla; Secretary of Social Management for the City of Barranquilla
Karen Abudinen is a Colombian leader in digital transformation, educational innovation, and social development. She has held several senior public-sector positions, including Minister of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) of Colombia, Director General of the Colombian Family Welfare Institute (ICBF), Secretary of Education of Barranquilla, and Secretary of Social Management for the City of Barranquilla.
Sarah Mathews
Group Head Responsible AI, The Adecco Group; Expert in Ethical AI, Human-Centric Transformation and AI Governance
.png)
Sarah Mathews is Group Head Responsible AI at The Adecco Group, where she leads the global implementation of responsible AI principles, ethical AI frameworks, and human-centric transformation across 60 countries. With over 13 years of experience spanning HR, recruitment, and strategic AI leadership, she bridges technical execution with institutional strategy. Her work focuses on responsible AI literacy, ethical transformation, and the development of trusted AI practices across global organizations.
Prof. Dr. Volker Römermann, CSP
President of the German Association of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses (BM), Past President of the German Speakers Association (GSA), Professor and Director of the Humboldt Center for the Legal Profession at Humboldt University in Berlin, Founder & CEO of Römermann Rechtsanwälte AG, Hamburg
.png)
A leading authority on legal transformation and corporate governance, Prof. Römermann advises governments and corporations on law, technology, and ethics. As Founder of Legal Revolution and a certified speaking professional (CSP), he is a central figure in Europe’s AI law and digital compliance ecosystem.
Report Host:
Deep Knowledge Group
Report Observer:
Financial Services Development Council
